Beer · Journal of personality and social psychology 2003 · case-control study · n=?

The regulatory function of self-conscious emotion: insights from patients with orbitofrontal damage.

Level 4 - case-series / case-control

Case-control study comparing patients with orbitofrontal lesions to healthy controls

PubMed 14561114 · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.4.594 · record verified 2026-08-26

What was done

Patients with orbitofrontal cortex lesions were compared with healthy control participants across tasks evaluating social regulation, self-conscious emotional responses, and the ability to infer others' emotional states.

What was found

The abstract reports no numerical findings, group sizes, or statistical values. It reports qualitatively that deficient behavioral regulation in orbitofrontal patients was associated with inappropriate self-conscious emotions that reinforced maladaptive behavior, as well as impairments in interpreting the self-conscious emotions of others.

Why it matters

This study provides neuropsychological evidence that orbitofrontal-mediated self-conscious emotions and emotional appraisal are necessary mechanisms for regulating human social behavior.

Limits

The abstract does not disclose sample sizes, participant demographics, lesion etiology, or quantitative effect sizes. Generalizability is limited by the specific lesion population and unmeasured potential cognitive confounders.